# OpenClaw节点管理和多设备同步教程
## 概述
本教程将详细介绍OpenClaw的节点管理和多设备同步功能。我们将探讨如何设置和管理多个OpenClaw节点，实现跨设备同步，以及配置高可用性集群。
## 前提条件
– 至少两台设备（物理设备或虚拟机）
– 网络连接稳定
– 已安装OpenClaw的设备
– 基础网络知识
## 步骤1：理解OpenClaw节点架构
OpenClaw的节点架构分为：
– **主节点（Master Node）**：负责协调和管理其他节点
– **工作节点（Worker Node）**：执行具体任务
– **边缘节点（Edge Node）**：通常部署在远程设备上
### 节点通信协议
OpenClaw使用安全的WebSocket协议进行节点间通信，默认端口为18790。
## 步骤2：配置主节点
### 主节点基础配置
在主节点上创建配置文件 `master-config.json`：
“`json
{
“node”: {
“role”: “master”,
“id”: “master-node-01”,
“name”: “Main Master Node”,
“port”: 18790,
“bindAddress”: “0.0.0.0”,
“publicUrl”: “https://your-master-domain.com:18790”,
“cluster”: {
“enabled”: true,
“secret”: “your-cluster-secret-key”,
“advertiseAddress”: “your-public-ip”,
“peers”: []
}
},
“agent”: {
“model”: “anthropic/claude-3-sonnet”,
“maxConcurrency”: 5
},
“storage”: {
“type”: “postgresql”,
“connection”: {
“host”: “localhost”,
“port”: 5432,
“database”: “openclaw_cluster”,
“username”: “openclaw”,
“password”: “secure_password”
}
},
“security”: {
“tls”: {
“enabled”: true,
“certFile”: “/path/to/cert.pem”,
“keyFile”: “/path/to/key.pem”
}
}
}
“`
### 启动主节点
“`bash
openclaw gateway –config master-config.json –daemon
“`
## 步骤3：配置工作节点
### 工作节点配置
在每个工作节点上创建配置文件 `worker-config.json`：
“`json
{
“node”: {
“role”: “worker”,
“id”: “worker-node-01”, // 每个节点需要唯一的ID
“name”: “Worker Node 01”,
“port”: 18791,
“bindAddress”: “0.0.0.0”,
“masterUrl”: “wss://your-master-domain.com:18790”,
“cluster”: {
“enabled”: true,
“secret”: “your-cluster-secret-key”,
“masterId”: “master-node-01”
}
},
“agent”: {
“model”: “openai/gpt-4-turbo”, // 可以为不同节点配置不同模型
“maxConcurrency”: 3
},
“capabilities”: {
“compute”: {
“cpu”: 4,
“memory”: “8GB”,
“gpu”: false
},
“features”: [
“text-generation”,
“image-analysis”,
“document-processing”
]
},
“security”: {
“tls”: {
“enabled”: true,
“certFile”: “/path/to/cert.pem”,
“keyFile”: “/path/to/key.pem”
}
}
}
“`
### 注册工作节点
首次启动工作节点时，需要向主节点注册：
“`bash
openclaw node register –master-url wss://your-master-domain.com:18790 –node-config worker-config.json
“`
### 启动工作节点
“`bash
openclaw gateway –config worker-config.json –daemon
“`
## 步骤4：配置边缘节点
边缘节点通常部署在本地设备上，如移动设备或家庭服务器：
“`json
{
“node”: {
“role”: “edge”,
“id”: “edge-node-home-01”,
“name”: “Home Edge Node”,
“port”: 18792,
“masterUrl”: “wss://your-master-domain.com:18790”,
“cluster”: {
“enabled”: true,
“secret”: “your-cluster-secret-key”,
“masterId”: “master-node-01”
},
“sync”: {
“enabled”: true,
“mode”: “light”, // light, full, or selective
“interval”: 30000, // 30秒同步一次
“dataTypes”: [“messages”, “contexts”, “preferences”]
}
},
“agent”: {
“model”: “ollama/llama3”, // 本地模型
“maxConcurrency”: 1
},
“storage”: {
“type”: “sqlite”,
“path”: “./data/openclaw.db”
},
“capabilities”: {
“compute”: {
“cpu”: 2,
“memory”: “4GB”,
“gpu”: false
},
“features”: [
“local-processing”,
“offline-capable”
]
}
}
“`
## 步骤5：节点发现和自动加入
### 使用DNS发现
配置DNS SRV记录以自动发现节点：
“`
_openclaw._tcp.yourdomain.com. IN SRV 10 5 18790 master.yourdomain.com.
“`
在节点配置中启用DNS发现：
“`json
{
“discovery”: {
“type”: “dns”,
“service”: “_openclaw._tcp.yourdomain.com”,
“refreshInterval”: 60000
}
}
“`
### 使用静态配置
在配置文件中直接指定节点：
“`json
{
“node”: {
“cluster”: {
“peers”: [
{
“id”: “master-node-01”,
“address”: “wss://master.domain.com:18790”
},
{
“id”: “worker-node-01”,
“address”: “wss://worker1.domain.com:18791”
}
]
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤6：配置数据同步
### 全局数据同步配置
“`json
{
“sync”: {
“enabled”: true,
“strategy”: “eventual_consistency”, // eventual_consistency, strong_consistency
“conflictResolution”: “timestamp_based”, // timestamp_based, version_based, custom
“replicationFactor”: 2, // 数据副本数量
“syncModes”: {
“realtime”: {
“enabled”: true,
“channels”: [“user_messages”, “system_events”]
},
“batch”: {
“enabled”: true,
“interval”: 300000, // 5分钟
“dataTypes”: [“logs”, “analytics”]
}
},
“encryption”: {
“enabled”: true,
“algorithm”: “aes-256-gcm”,
“keyRotationInterval”: 86400000 // 24小时
}
}
}
“`
### 选择性同步配置
针对不同类型的数据设置不同的同步策略：
“`json
{
“sync”: {
“dataTypes”: {
“messages”: {
“sync”: true,
“retention”: “7d”,
“encryption”: true
},
“contexts”: {
“sync”: true,
“retention”: “30d”,
“encryption”: true
},
“models”: {
“sync”: false, // 模型通常不跨节点同步
“localCache”: true
},
“skills”: {
“sync”: true,
“retention”: “infinite”,
“encryption”: true
},
“preferences”: {
“sync”: true,
“retention”: “infinite”,
“encryption”: true
}
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤7：负载均衡和任务分配
### 任务调度配置
“`json
{
“scheduler”: {
“algorithm”: “weighted-round-robin”, // weighted-round-robin, least-loaded, priority-based
“weights”: {
“worker-node-01”: 3,
“worker-node-02”: 2,
“worker-node-03”: 1
},
“affinity”: {
“enabled”: true,
“rules”: [
{
“condition”: “task requires GPU”,
“targetNodes”: [“gpu-enabled-nodes”],
“fallbackStrategy”: “queue”
},
{
“condition”: “task is time-critical”,
“targetNodes”: [“low-latency-nodes”],
“timeout”: 5000
}
]
},
“queuing”: {
“enabled”: true,
“maxQueueSize”: 100,
“timeout”: 300000 // 5分钟
}
}
}
“`
### 自动扩缩容配置
“`json
{
“autoscaling”: {
“enabled”: true,
“metrics”: {
“cpuThreshold”: 80,
“memoryThreshold”: 85,
“queueLengthThreshold”: 10
},
“scalingRules”: {
“scaleUp”: {
“condition”: “avg(cpu) > 80% for 5m”,
“action”: “activate-sleeping-nodes”,
“maxNodes”: 10
},
“scaleDown”: {
“condition”: “avg(cpu) < 30% for 15m",
"action": "suspend-low-load-nodes",
"minNodes": 2
}
}
}
}
```
## 步骤8：监控和健康检查
### 节点健康检查配置
```json
{
"health": {
"checks": {
"liveness": {
"endpoint": "/health/liveness",
"interval": 10000, // 10秒
"timeout": 5000
},
"readiness": {
"endpoint": "/health/readiness",
"interval": 30000, // 30秒
"timeout": 10000
},
"connectivity": {
"targets": ["master", "database", "external-apis"],
"interval": 15000
}
},
"failureThreshold": 3,
"recoveryAction": "auto-restart"
}
}
```
### 集群监控配置
```json
{
"monitoring": {
"enabled": true,
"metrics": {
"prometheus": {
"enabled": true,
"port": 9090,
"endpoint": "/metrics"
}
},
"logging": {
"level": "info",
"remote": {
"enabled": true,
"url": "https://logging-service.com/logs",
"batchSize": 100,
"flushInterval": 5000
}
},
"alerts": {
"enabled": true,
"destinations": [
{
"type": "webhook",
"url": "https://hooks.slack.com/services/...",
"events": ["node-down", "high-cpu", "sync-failure"]
}
]
}
}
}
```
## 步骤9：安全配置
### 节点间认证
```json
{
"security": {
"authentication": {
"method": "certificate", // certificate, token, mutual-tls
"certificate": {
"caFile": "/path/to/ca-cert.pem",
"certFile": "/path/to/node-cert.pem",
"keyFile": "/path/to/node-key.pem"
},
"token": {
"secret": "your-jwt-secret",
"expiration": 86400 // 24小时
}
},
"authorization": {
"rbac": {
"enabled": true,
"policies": [
{
"role": "master",
"permissions": ["manage-nodes", "access-all-data", "modify-config"]
},
{
"role": "worker",
"permissions": ["execute-tasks", "report-status", "sync-data"]
},
{
"role": "edge",
"permissions": ["sync-data", "request-compute", "access-local"]
}
]
}
},
"network": {
"firewall": {
"enabled": true,
"allowedPorts": [18790, 18791, 18792],
"allowedIPs": ["10.0.0.0/8", "172.16.0.0/12", "192.168.0.0/16"]
}
}
}
}
```
## 步骤10：备份和灾难恢复
### 集群备份配置
```json
{
"backup": {
"enabled": true,
"strategy": "distributed", // distributed, centralized, hybrid
"schedule": "0 2 * * *", // 每天凌晨2点
"retention": {
"local": 7, // 本地保留7天
"remote": 30 // 远程保留30天
},
"components": {
"configuration": {
"enabled": true,
"path": "./config-backup"
},
"data": {
"enabled": true,
"path": "./data-backup",
"compression": "lz4",
"encryption": true
},
"state": {
"enabled": true,
"path": "./state-backup"
}
},
"distribution": {
"strategy": "3-2-1", // 3份副本，2种介质，1份异地
"locations": [
{
"type": "local",
"path": "/backup/local",
"retention": 7
},
{
"type": "network",
"path": "smb://backup-server/backups",
"retention": 14
},
{
"type": "cloud",
"provider": "aws-s3",
"bucket": "openclaw-cluster-backups",
"retention": 30
}
]
}
}
}
```
## 步骤11：故障转移和高可用性
### 高可用性配置
```json
{
"ha": {
"enabled": true,
"leaderElection": {
"algorithm": "raft",
"leaseDuration": 15000,
"renewDeadline": 10000,
"retryPeriod": 2000
},
"failover": {
"strategy": "automatic",
"timeout": 30000,
"actions": [
"promote-backup-node",
"reroute-tasks",
"update-dns"
]
},
"redundancy": {
"masterReplicas": 3,
"quorum": 2
}
}
}
```
## 步骤12：实际操作命令
### 节点管理命令
```bash
# 查看集群状态
openclaw cluster status
# 查看节点列表
openclaw node list
# 检查特定节点状态
openclaw node status --node-id worker-node-01
# 暂停节点（但仍保持连接）
openclaw node pause --node-id worker-node-01
# 恢复节点
openclaw node resume --node-id worker-node-01
# 强制移除节点
openclaw node remove --node-id worker-node-01 --force
# 更新节点配置
openclaw node update --node-id worker-node-01 --config new-config.json
# 执行节点诊断
openclaw node diagnose --node-id worker-node-01
```
### 同步管理命令
```bash
# 触发手动同步
openclaw sync trigger --node-id edge-node-home-01
# 查看同步状态
openclaw sync status
# 重置同步状态
openclaw sync reset --node-id worker-node-01
# 检查数据一致性
openclaw sync verify --node-id master-node-01
```
## 高级配置示例
### 混合云部署
```json
{
"deployment": {
"type": "hybrid-cloud",
"regions": {
"primary": {
"location": "us-west",
"nodes": ["master-01", "worker-01", "worker-02"]
},
"secondary": {
"location": "eu-central",
"nodes": ["backup-master", "worker-03"]
},
"edge": {
"location": "local",
"nodes": ["home-edge", "mobile-edge"]
}
},
"trafficManagement": {
"geoLoadBalancer": {
"enabled": true,
"algorithm": "latency-based"
}
}
}
}
```
### 多租户配置
```json
{
"multitenancy": {
"enabled": true,
"isolationLevel": "physical", // physical, network, process
"tenants": {
"tenant-a": {
"nodes": ["worker-ta-01", "worker-ta-02"],
"quota": {
"concurrentTasks": 10,
"storage": "100GB",
"bandwidth": "100Mbps"
},
"network": {
"namespace": "tenant-a-net",
"vpn": {
"enabled": true,
"subnet": "10.10.0.0/16"
}
}
},
"tenant-b": {
"nodes": ["worker-tb-01"],
"quota": {
"concurrentTasks": 5,
"storage": "50GB",
"bandwidth": "50Mbps"
}
}
}
}
}
```
## 故障排除
### 常见节点问题
1. **节点无法连接到主节点**：
- 检查网络连通性
- 验证证书和认证配置
- 确认防火墙设置
2. **同步失败**：
- 检查存储空间
- 验证加密密钥
- 查看冲突解决策略
3. **性能问题**：
- 检查资源使用情况
- 调整负载均衡策略
- 优化网络配置
### 诊断命令
```bash
# 获取详细的节点诊断信息
openclaw node diagnose --node-id NODE_ID --verbose
# 查看实时指标
openclaw metrics watch
# 导出节点配置
openclaw config export --node-id NODE_ID
# 查看日志
openclaw logs tail --node-id NODE_ID
```
## 最佳实践
1. **规划节点角色**：根据工作负载合理分配节点角色
2. **网络规划**：设计冗余的网络连接
3. **安全第一**：使用强加密和认证
4. **监控告警**：设置全面的监控和告警
5. **定期维护**：定期更新和测试备份恢复流程
6. **容量规划**：根据增长预测扩展节点
## 总结
本教程介绍了OpenClaw的节点管理和多设备同步功能。通过合理配置，您可以构建一个高可用、高性能的分布式OpenClaw集群，实现跨设备无缝同步和协作。
记住在生产环境中要仔细规划和测试配置，在实施任何重大变更之前都要做好备份。
如果遇到问题，请参考OpenClaw官方文档或寻求社区支持。