# OpenClaw高级配置和自动化教程
## 概述
本教程将详细介绍OpenClaw的高级配置选项和自动化功能。我们将探讨如何优化性能、设置自动化任务、配置多通道协调以及实现高级安全策略。
## 前提条件
– 已安装并运行的OpenClaw实例
– 基础OpenClaw配置知识
– 对JSON配置格式的基本了解
## 步骤1：理解OpenClaw配置结构
OpenClaw的主要配置文件通常位于 `~/.openclaw/openclaw.json`，其基本结构如下：
“`json
{
“agent”: {
// AI代理配置
},
“channels”: {
// 通信渠道配置
},
“storage”: {
// 存储配置
},
“gateway”: {
// 网关配置
},
“skills”: {
// 技能配置
}
}
“`
## 步骤2：高级AI代理配置
### 模型选择和参数调整
“`json
{
“agent”: {
“model”: “anthropic/claude-3-opus”,
“temperature”: 0.7,
“maxTokens”: 4000,
“topP”: 0.9,
“frequencyPenalty”: 0.5,
“presencePenalty”: 0.5,
“systemPrompt”: “你是一个高效的AI助手，专注于帮助用户完成各种任务。”,
“contextWindow”: 100000,
“memory”: {
“shortTerm”: {
“maxLength”: 50,
“retentionRate”: 0.8
},
“longTerm”: {
“enabled”: true,
“provider”: “pinecone”,
“index”: “openclaw-memory”
}
}
}
}
“`
### 多模型路由配置
“`json
{
“agent”: {
“routing”: {
“enabled”: true,
“rules”: [
{
“condition”: “task contains ‘code’ or ‘programming'”,
“model”: “openai/gpt-4-turbo”,
“fallback”: “anthropic/claude-3-sonnet”
},
{
“condition”: “task contains ‘creative’ or ‘writing'”,
“model”: “openai/gpt-4o”,
“fallback”: “anthropic/claude-3-haiku”
},
{
“condition”: “task contains ‘math’ or ‘calculation'”,
“model”: “openai/o1-preview”,
“fallback”: “anthropic/claude-3-sonnet”
}
]
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤3：多通道协调配置
### 通道优先级设置
“`json
{
“channels”: {
“priority”: [“discord”, “telegram”, “whatsapp”, “email”],
“discord”: {
“enabled”: true,
“webhook”: {
“enabled”: true,
“url”: “your_webhook_url”
}
},
“telegram”: {
“enabled”: true,
“botToken”: “your_token”
},
“whatsapp”: {
“enabled”: true,
“sessionPath”: “~/.openclaw/whatsapp_session”
},
“email”: {
“enabled”: true,
“incoming”: {
“server”: “imap.gmail.com”,
“port”: 993
}
}
}
}
“`
### 通道间消息同步
“`json
{
“channels”: {
“sync”: {
“enabled”: true,
“rules”: [
{
“from”: [“discord”, “telegram”],
“to”: [“slack”],
“filter”: “mentions_only”,
“delay”: 1000
},
{
“from”: [“email”],
“to”: [“discord”, “telegram”],
“filter”: “priority_high”,
“delay”: 5000
}
]
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤4：自动化任务配置
### 使用Cron进行定时任务
OpenClaw内置了强大的cron功能，可以通过命令行或配置文件设置：
“`bash
# 通过命令行设置定时任务
openclaw cron add –schedule “every 30m” –payload ‘{“kind”:”systemEvent”,”text”:”Check for updates”}’
openclaw cron add –schedule “at 09:00” –payload ‘{“kind”:”agentTurn”,”message”:”Send daily report”,”model”:”qwen”}’
“`
### 配置文件中的定时任务
“`json
{
“cron”: {
“jobs”: [
{
“name”: “daily_health_check”,
“schedule”: {
“kind”: “every”,
“everyMs”: 1800000 // 每30分钟
},
“payload”: {
“kind”: “systemEvent”,
“text”: “Perform health check”
},
“enabled”: true
},
{
“name”: “weekly_report”,
“schedule”: {
“kind”: “cron”,
“expr”: “0 9 * * 1” // 每周一上午9点
},
“payload”: {
“kind”: “agentTurn”,
“message”: “Generate weekly activity report”,
“model”: “anthropic/claude-3-opus”
},
“enabled”: true
},
{
“name”: “backup_task”,
“schedule”: {
“kind”: “at”,
“atMs”: 1703127600000 // 特定时间戳
},
“payload”: {
“kind”: “systemEvent”,
“text”: “Run backup process”
},
“enabled”: false // 默认禁用
}
]
}
}
“`
## 步骤5：高级安全配置
### API密钥管理
“`json
{
“security”: {
“apiKeys”: {
“providers”: {
“openai”: {
“apiKey”: “sk-xxx”,
“organization”: “org-xxx”,
“baseUrl”: “https://api.openai.com/v1”
},
“anthropic”: {
“apiKey”: “sk-ant-xxx”,
“baseUrl”: “https://api.anthropic.com/v1”
}
},
“rotation”: {
“enabled”: true,
“interval”: 86400000, // 24小时
“backupKeys”: {
“openai”: [“sk-backup1”, “sk-backup2”]
}
}
}
}
}
“`
### 访问控制列表
“`json
{
“security”: {
“acl”: {
“enabled”: true,
“defaultPolicy”: “deny”,
“rules”: [
{
“channel”: “discord”,
“userId”: “123456789”,
“permissions”: [“read”, “write”, “execute”]
},
{
“channel”: “telegram”,
“userId”: “987654321”,
“permissions”: [“read”, “write”]
},
{
“ipRange”: “192.168.1.0/24”,
“permissions”: [“read”]
}
]
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤6：性能优化配置
### 缓存配置
“`json
{
“cache”: {
“enabled”: true,
“engine”: “redis”,
“ttl”: 3600,
“maxSize”: 10000,
“connection”: {
“host”: “localhost”,
“port”: 6379,
“password”: “”,
“db”: 0
},
“strategies”: {
“modelResponses”: {
“enabled”: true,
“ttl”: 1800
},
“apiCalls”: {
“enabled”: true,
“ttl”: 300
},
“staticContent”: {
“enabled”: true,
“ttl”: 7200
}
}
}
}
“`
### 负载均衡配置
“`json
{
“loadBalancing”: {
“enabled”: true,
“strategy”: “round-robin”,
“endpoints”: [
{
“url”: “https://api1.example.com”,
“weight”: 3,
“healthCheck”: “/health”
},
{
“url”: “https://api2.example.com”,
“weight”: 2,
“healthCheck”: “/health”
}
],
“failover”: {
“enabled”: true,
“timeout”: 5000,
“retries”: 3
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤7：监控和日志配置
### 详细日志记录
“`json
{
“logging”: {
“level”: “info”,
“format”: “json”,
“output”: {
“console”: true,
“file”: {
“enabled”: true,
“path”: “./logs/openclaw.log”,
“maxSize”: “100m”,
“maxFiles”: 10
},
“syslog”: {
“enabled”: false,
“facility”: “local0”
}
},
“components”: {
“gateway”: “debug”,
“channels”: “info”,
“agent”: “info”,
“storage”: “warn”
},
“piiMasking”: {
“enabled”: true,
“patterns”: [
“\\b\\d{4}[ -]?\\d{4}[ -]?\\d{4}[ -]?\\d{4}\\b”,
“\\b[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Z|a-z]{2,}\\b”
]
}
}
}
“`
### 指标收集
“`json
{
“metrics”: {
“enabled”: true,
“provider”: “prometheus”,
“endpoint”: “/metrics”,
“collectors”: {
“requests”: {
“enabled”: true,
“histogram”: {
“buckets”: [0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10]
}
},
“responses”: {
“enabled”: true,
“trackByModel”: true
},
“errors”: {
“enabled”: true,
“trackByType”: true
},
“tokens”: {
“enabled”: true,
“trackInputOutput”: true
}
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤8：备份和恢复配置
### 自动备份设置
“`json
{
“backup”: {
“enabled”: true,
“schedule”: “0 2 * * *”, // 每天凌晨2点
“retention”: {
“daily”: 7,
“weekly”: 4,
“monthly”: 12
},
“locations”: [
{
“type”: “local”,
“path”: “./backups”,
“compression”: “gzip”
},
{
“type”: “s3”,
“bucket”: “my-openclaw-backups”,
“region”: “us-east-1”,
“accessKeyId”: “AKIA…”,
“secretAccessKey”: “…”
}
],
“includes”: [
“config/”,
“memory/”,
“sessions/”,
“skills/”
],
“excludes”: [
“node_modules/”,
“*.log”,
“.git/”
]
}
}
“`
## 步骤9：高级技能配置
### 动态技能加载
“`json
{
“skills”: {
“registry”: [
{
“name”: “web-search”,
“source”: “npm:@openclaw/skill-web-search”,
“version”: “^1.0.0”,
“config”: {
“engine”: “brave”,
“apiKey”: “your_brave_api_key”
}
},
{
“name”: “calculator”,
“source”: “./custom-skills/calculator.js”,
“config”: {
“precision”: 10
}
}
],
“autoUpdate”: {
“enabled”: true,
“checkInterval”: 86400000, // 24小时
“autoApply”: false
}
}
}
“`
### 条件技能激活
“`json
{
“skills”: {
“activation”: {
“conditions”: [
{
“skill”: “calendar”,
“when”: “message contains ‘schedule’ or message contains ‘meeting'”,
“context”: [“time”, “date”]
},
{
“skill”: “finance”,
“when”: “message contains ‘stock’ or message contains ‘price’ or message contains ‘$'”,
“context”: [“symbol”, “market”]
}
]
}
}
}
“`
## 步骤10：启动和验证高级配置
### 启动带特定配置的OpenClaw
“`bash
# 使用特定配置文件启动
openclaw gateway –config ./production-config.json
# 使用环境变量覆盖特定设置
OPENCLAW_AGENT_MODEL=anthropic/claude-3-haiku openclaw gateway
# 以详细模式启动以检查配置
openclaw gateway –verbose –config ./advanced-config.json
“`
### 验证配置
“`bash
# 检查配置有效性
openclaw config validate
# 查看当前活动配置
openclaw config view
# 测试特定功能
openclaw test channel discord
openclaw test model anthropic/claude-3-opus
“`
## 高级自动化示例
### 工作流程自动化
“`json
{
“workflows”: {
“customer_support”: {
“trigger”: {
“channel”: “email”,
“condition”: “subject contains ‘support’ or subject contains ‘help'”
},
“steps”: [
{
“action”: “classify”,
“params”: {
“categories”: [“technical”, “billing”, “account”, “general”]
}
},
{
“action”: “assign”,
“params”: {
“rule”: “if category == ‘technical’ then team = ‘tech_support’ else team = ‘general_support'”
}
},
{
“action”: “notify”,
“params”: {
“channel”: “discord”,
“target”: “{{team}}”,
“message”: “New {{category}} ticket from {{sender}}”
}
},
{
“action”: “respond”,
“params”: {
“template”: “acknowledgment”,
“delay”: 30000
}
}
]
}
}
}
“`
### 智能通知系统
“`json
{
“notifications”: {
“rules”: [
{
“name”: “urgent_response”,
“condition”: “message contains ‘urgent’ or message contains ‘asap’ or priority == ‘high'”,
“actions”: [
{
“type”: “immediate_response”,
“channel”: “all”,
“message”: “Acknowledged. This has been marked as high priority and will be addressed immediately.”
},
{
“type”: “escalate”,
“to”: “admin_user_id”,
“method”: “push_notification”
}
]
},
{
“name”: “after_hours”,
“condition”: “hour >= 18 or hour <= 8 or weekday == 'Saturday' or weekday == 'Sunday'",
"actions": [
{
"type": "auto_reply",
"template": "after_hours_response",
"delay": 5000
}
]
}
]
}
}
```
## 故障排除
### 常见配置问题
1. **JSON格式错误**：
- 使用JSON验证器检查语法
- 确保所有字符串都用双引号包围
- 检查逗号的使用（最后一个元素后不能有逗号）
2. **权限问题**：
- 确保配置文件具有正确的读取权限
- 检查API密钥是否正确且未过期
- 验证外部服务连接参数
3. **性能问题**：
- 检查缓存配置是否正确
- 验证并发限制设置
- 监控资源使用情况
### 调试技巧
```bash
# 启用详细日志
openclaw gateway --verbose
# 使用调试模式
openclaw agent --debug --message "test message"
# 检查特定组件状态
openclaw status channels
openclaw status models
```
## 最佳实践
1. **配置版本控制**：将配置文件纳入版本控制系统
2. **分环境配置**：为开发、测试和生产环境维护单独的配置
3. **安全存储**：将敏感信息存储在环境变量或安全的密钥管理系统中
4. **定期审计**：定期审查和清理不再使用的配置项
5. **备份策略**：定期备份配置文件和相关数据
## 总结
本教程涵盖了OpenClaw的高级配置选项和自动化功能。通过合理配置这些选项，您可以显著提升OpenClaw的性能、安全性和自动化水平。
记住始终在测试环境中验证配置更改，然后再应用到生产环境。定期监控系统性能和日志，以确保所有配置按预期工作。
如果遇到问题，请参考OpenClaw官方文档或寻求社区支持。